{"id":685,"date":"2017-10-27T22:55:11","date_gmt":"2017-10-27T19:55:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/a3wadqash.com\/?p=685"},"modified":"2017-10-29T06:41:54","modified_gmt":"2017-10-29T03:41:54","slug":"%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b0%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%88%d9%84%d9%87-%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/a3wadqash.com\/?p=685","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a <a 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\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c \u00a0(Protest Cycles Approach) \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u00a0\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u00a0[\u0667] . \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u062c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 [\u0668] \u00a0. \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u00a0\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0630\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Repertoire_of_contention\">Repertoires of Contention<\/a>) \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0628\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0645. \u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0646\u0633\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 ( Micro Acts of Resistance) \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0627<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/James_C._Scott\"> \u062c\u064a\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0643\u0648\u062a<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u00a0\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 (Gendered Repertoires of Contention) [\u0669] \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621. \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f\u0629 \u00a0\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \/ \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1990 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u062b\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0646 \u00a013 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0647\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648 \u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B4%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B9\">\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639<\/a>\u060c \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/1990\/11\/07\/world\/mideast-tensions-saudi-women-take-driver-s-seat-rare-protest-for-right-travel.html?pagewanted=all\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0632<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645. \u0648 \u0642\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0622\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u062e \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.aleqt.com\/2013\/02\/28\/article_735425.html\">\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631<\/a>&#8221; \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%87%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1\">\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0631<\/a> \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0633\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 ( Brick and Mortar Model)\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0626\u0647 \u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 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\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0645 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u061f\u00bb <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ahewar.org\/search\/Dsearch.asp?nr=765\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f: 765 &#8211; 2004 \/ 3 \/ 6 &#8211; 08:38 <\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ahewar.org\/debat\/show.art.asp?aid=15507\">http:\/\/www.ahewar.org\/debat\/show.art.asp?aid=15507<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\u0662] \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0632 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a : \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c 1990 \u060c \u0635 .95<\/p>\n<p>[3] Tarrow, Sidney. 1988. \u201cNational Politics and Collective Action.\u201d Annual Review of Sociology 14: 421-40.<\/p>\n<p>[4] McCarthy, J. D., and M. N. Zald. 1973. The Trend of Social Movements in America: Professionalization and Resource Mobilization. Morristown, N.J.: General Learning Press.<\/p>\n<p>[5] Klandermans, B.1991. New social movements and resource mobilization: The European and the American approach revisited. In D. Rucht (Ed.). Research on social movements. The state of the art in western Europe and the USA (pp. 17-44). Frankfurt am Main, Germany: Campus Verlag.<\/p>\n<p>[6] Taylor, Verta, and Nella Van Dyke. 2004. \u201c&#8217;Get Up, Stand Up&#8217;: Tactical Repertoires of Social Movements.\u201d Pp. 262-293 in The Blackwell Companion to Social Movements, David A. Snow, Sarah A. Soule, and Hanspeter Kriesi, eds. Oxford: Blackwell.<\/p>\n<p>[7] Meyer, David S. &amp; Tarrow Sidney.1998. \u201cA movement Society: Contentious Politics for a New Centuary\u201d. in: The Social Movement Society: Contentious Politics for a New Century. Rowman &amp; Littlefield.<\/p>\n<p>[8] Staggenborg, Suzanne, and Verta Taylor. 2005. Whatever happened to the women&#8217;s movement ? Mobilization 10:37-52.<\/p>\n<p>[9] Ferree, Myra Marx, and Carol Mueller. 2004. \u201cFeminism and the Women\u2019s Movements: A Global Perspective.\u201d In The Blackwell Companion to Social Movements, ed. David A. Snow, Sarah A. Soule, and Hanspeter Kriesi. Oxford: Blackwell<\/p>\n<p>[10] Silke Roth .2016. Contribution to dialogue on \u201cNew directions in studying women\u2019s movement strength\u201d, Politics, Groups, and Identities, 4:4, 695-701.<\/p>\n<p>[11] Melucci, A. (Ed.). 1984 Altri Codici. Aree di Movimento nella Metropoli (Other codes. Areas of Movement in the Metropolis). Bologna: I1 Mulino.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 2017 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0645\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u062d\u0642 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062c\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-685","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/a3wadqash.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/685","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/a3wadqash.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/a3wadqash.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/a3wadqash.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/a3wadqash.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=685"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/a3wadqash.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/685\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":692,"href":"https:\/\/a3wadqash.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/685\/revisions\/692"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/a3wadqash.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=685"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/a3wadqash.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=685"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/a3wadqash.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=685"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}